What is the function of network segmentation in security?

Network segmentation plays a crucial role in security by dividing a larger network into smaller, more manageable parts. This strategy limits the spread of potential threats and minimizes the attack surface for unauthorized access.

When a network is segmented, different segments can be assigned distinct security policies, access controls, and monitoring protocols. For instance, sensitive data or critical systems can be isolated from less secure segments, ensuring tighter security measures are applied where needed the most. If a breach occurs in one segment, segmentation helps to contain it, preventing the attacker from easily moving laterally across the entire network.

Additionally, segmentation can improve overall network performance by reducing congestion, as traffic is narrowed down to what is necessary for each part of the network. By managing and controlling network traffic effectively, organizations can better secure their environment, maintain higher levels of performance, and ensure compliance with security policies.