What type of network is characterized by being divided into cells, each served by a base station?

A network characterized by being divided into cells, each served by a base station, is known as a cellular network. The cellular network structure allows for efficient use of the frequency spectrum, enabling multiple users to access the network simultaneously within the same geographical area. Each cell provides coverage through its base station, which connects mobile devices to the network core, facilitating seamless communication and mobility for users as they move from one cell to another.

This design not only enhances capacity but also ensures that calls and data can be handed off between cells without dropping the connection, which is a key feature of mobile communications. Cellular networks are integral for mobile phone services and data transfer on smartphones, allowing users to stay connected over vast distances. Other types of networks, such as wireless networks, local area networks, and wide area networks, do not necessarily employ this cell-based division of service and area coverage.